HUBUNGAN ANEMIA PADA KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PERDARAHAN POSTPARTUM

Abstract

Prevalensi anemia dengan komplikasi perdarahan di dunia sangat tinggi, terutama di negara-negara sedang berkembang termasuk Indonesia, oleh karena itulah anemia memerlukan perhatian serius dari semua pihak. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk menganalisis hubungan anemia pada kehamilan dengan kejadian perdarahan postpartum di RSDP Serang Tahun 2017. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Populasi penelitian ini penulis ambil dari semua ibu bersalin yang menderita anemia saat bersalin di RSDP Serang. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 84 ibu dengan teknik total sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square, kemudian dilakukan uji multivariat. Hasil penelitian: (1) Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara umur, dan paritas ibu yang mengalami anemia saat hamil dengan kejadian perdarahan postpartum, (2) Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status kecukupan gizi, frekuensi antenatal care (ANC), pengetahuan dan kepatuhan konsumsi zat besi, pada ibu yang mengalami anemia selama kehamilan dengan kejadian perdarahan postpartum. Diskusi: pengetahuan sangat dominan dalam memengaruhi timbulnya perdarahan postpartum pada ibu yang saat hamilnya mengalami anemia.  Kesimpulan: Perlu upaya penurunan kejadian anemia antara lain memberikan penyuluhan penyuluhan kepada ibu hamil tentang cara pencegahan timbulnya anemia, baik berupa kepatuhan minum tablet Fe, pola konsumsi gizi yang cukup, dan cara menjaga kesehatan tubuh ibu hamil sendiri.

Kata kunci: anemia, ibu hamil, Perdarahan 

Correlation Between Anemia in Pregnancy and Postpartum Hemorrhage Incidence

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of anemia with bleeding complications in the world is very high, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Therefore, anemia requires serious attention from all parties. Objective: to analyze the correlation between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage at Serang Hospital in 2017. Methods: This research is a quantitative study with a correlational design. The population was taken from all maternity mothers who suffered from anemia during childbirth at Serang Hospital. The research samples were 84 mothers taken using total sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using Chi Square test, then multivariate test was performed. Results: (1) There was no significant correlation between age and parity of mothers who had anemia during pregnancy with the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, (2) There was a significant correlation of nutritional adequacy status, frequency of antenatal care (ANC), knowledge and adherence to iron consumption in mothers who had anemia during pregnancy with the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. Discussion: Knowledge was very dominant in affecting the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in mothers who had anemia during their pregnancy. Conclusion: It is necessary to make efforts to reduce the incidence of anemia, such as by providing counseling to pregnant women about how to prevent anemia, either in the form of adherence to taking Fe tablets, adequate nutrition consumption patterns, and how to maintain the health of the pregnant women themselves.

Keywords: anemia, pregnant women, hemorrhage